《植物生理学报》 2021, 57(1): 187-194

光环境和温度对商陆净光合速率、蒸腾速率和瞬时水分利用效率的协同影响

王强¹，张欣薇²，黄英金¹，邵东²，杨小龙³，叶子飘^4,*，钟平安^1,2,*

¹江西农业大学作物生理生态与遗传育种教育部重点实验室, 南昌330045；²江西农业大学生物科学与工程学院, 南昌330045；³复旦大学环境与工程系, 上海200433；⁴井冈山大学数理学院, 江西吉安343009

通信作者：叶子飘；E-mail: yezp@jgsu.edu.cn；钟平安；E-mail: zpa778210@163.com

摘　要：

为研究商陆(Phytolacca americana)在不同光环境和温度下净光合速率(P_n)、蒸腾速率(T_r)和瞬时水分利用效率(WUE_inst)的响应规律及其协同影响, 选用之前构建的光合作用对光响应的机理模型和瞬时水分利用效率对光的响应模型分别拟合了光合作用对光响应曲线(P_n-I)和瞬时水分利用效率对光响应曲线(WUE_inst-I), 同时采用线性方程拟合蒸腾速率对光响应曲线(T_r-I)。结果表明: 在室外和大棚的光照和温度条件下, 商陆的P_n、T_r和WUE_inst都存在显著差异。室外商陆的P_n和T_r比大棚的高, 光合作用增强, 但WUE_inst比大棚的低。由P_n-I曲线确定的商陆饱和光强(I_sat)远大于由WUE_inst-I曲线确定的I_sat, 表明在室外或大棚环境下商陆的P_n和WUE_inst并不是同步发生的。因此, 商陆通过调控其蒸腾速率以适应高温和高光强环境。同时, 它通过提高水分利用效率, 增强碳同化的能力, 进而表现出更强的抗逆性和适应性。

关键词：商陆; 蒸腾速率; 水分利用效率; 光合作用; 饱和光强

收稿：2019-12-11   修定：2020-12-06

资助：国家自然科学基金(31960054)

Synergistic effects of light environment and temperature on net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and instant water-use efficiency of Phytolacca americana

WANG Qiang¹, ZHANG Xinwei², HUANG Yingjin¹, SHAO Dong², YANG Xiaolong³, YE Zipiao^4,*, ZHONG Ping’an^1,2,*

¹Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; ²School of Biological Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; ³Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; ⁴College of Math & Physics, Jinggangshan University, Ji’an, Jiangxi 343009, China

Corresponding author: YE Zipiao; E-mail: yezp@jgsu.edu.cn; ZHONG Ping’an; E-mail: zpa778210@163.com

Abstract:

In order to investigate the response-light rules and synergistic effects of net photosynthetic rate (P_n)、transpiration rate (T_r) and instant water-use efficiency (WUE_inst) of Phytolacca americana under different light environment and temperature, the light-response curves of photosynthesis (P_n-I) and light-response curves of the instantaneous water-use efficiency (WUE_inst-I) were simulated by a mechanism model of P_n-I  and a model of WUE_inst-I, respectively. Meanwhile, light-response curves of the transpiration rate (T_r-I) were fitted by a linear equation. The results showed that the significant differences between P_n, T_r and WUE_inst of P. americana in outdoor and greenhouse were observed, respectively. The values of P_n and T_r of P. americana in outdoor were higher than those in greenhouse, enhancing the photosynthesis of plants, whereas the WUE_inst was opposite conclusion. The saturation light intensity (Isat) from P_n-I curves of P. americana was much larger than that from WUE_inst-I curves. It demonstrated that the P_n-I curves and WUE_inst-I curves of P. americana in outdoor and greenhouse were not synchronous. Therefore, the P. americana adapted to high temperature and high light intensity environment by regulating its transpiration rate. At the same time, P. americana increased the ability of carbon assimilation by improving water use efficiency, consequently. It showed the better stress resistance and adaptability.

Key words: Phytolacca americana; transpiration rate; water-use efficiency; photosynthesis; saturation light intensity